REFERENCES: The articles, books, and reports cited here represent all the references uncovered during research for the Field Guide to the Sedges of the Pacific Northwest. Not all these references were actually consulted. We were most likely to use recent references on Carex taxonomy and phylogeny, and a diversity of references on the ecology of Pacific Northwest sedges.
Abraham, K. F. and R. I. Jeffries. 1997. High goose populations; impacts and implications. in Arctic Ecosystems in Peril: report of the Arctic goose habitat working Group. Arctic Goose Joint Venture Spec. Publ. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, C.C. and Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, ONT, Canada. pp. 7 - 72.
Adams, G. D. 1988. Wetlands of the prairies of Canada. Chapter 5 in NWWG-CCELC (National Wetlands Working Group -- Canada Committee on Ecological Land Classification). Wetlands of Canada. Ecological Land Classification Series No. 24. Environment Canada. Sustainable Development Branch, Ottawa, ONT, Canada, and Polyscience Publications, Inc., Montreal, QUE, canada. 452 pp.
Aerts, R., H. De Caluwe, and H. Konings. 1992. Seasonal allocation of biomass and nitrogen in four Carex species from mesotrophic and eutrohpic fens as affected by nitrogen supply. J. Ecol. 80: 653-664.
Aerts, Rien, and Hannie De Caluwe. 1994. Effects of nitrogen supply on canopy structure and leaf nitrogen distirbution in Carex species. Ecology (Tempe) 75(5): 1482-1490. (Carex diandra, Carex rostrata, Carex acutiformis)
Agee, J. K., C. S. Wright, N. Williamson, M. H. Huff. 2002. Foliar moisture content of Pacific Northwest vegetation and its relation to wildland fire behavior. Forest Ecology and Management 167: 57-66.
Aiken, S. G., M.J. Dallwitz, L.L. Consaul, C.L. McJannet, L.J. Gillespie, R.L. Boles, G.W. Argus, J.M. Gillett, P.J. Scott, R. Elven, M.C. LeBlanc, A.K. Brysting and H. Solstad. 1999 and onwards. Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. http://www.mun.ca/biology/delta/arcticf/ . http://www.mun.ca/biology/delta/arcticf/.
Aiken, S. G., M.J. Dallwitz, L.L. Consaul, C.L. McJannet, L.J. Gillespie, R.L. Boles, G.W. Argus, J.M. Gillett, P.J. Scott, R. Elven, M.C. LeBlanc, A.K. Brysting and H. Solstad. 1999. Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. Version: 29th April 2003. http://www.mun.ca/biology/delta/arcticf/’ .
Aiken, S. G., R. L. Boles, and M. J. Dallwitz. 1999 onwards. Cyperaceae of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. Version: 6th November 2000. http://http://www.mun.ca/biology/delta/arcticf/.
Akiyama, S. 1938. On the systematic anatomy of the leaves of some Japanese Carices. XIII. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 52: 142-146.
Akiyama, S. 1938. On the systematic anatomy of the leaves of some Japanese Carices. XIV. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 52: 201-205.
Akiyama, S. 1939. On the systematic anatomy of the leaves of some Japanese Carices. XX. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 53: 169-175.
Akiyama, S. 1940. On the systematic anatomy of the leaves of some Japanese Carices. XXIX. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 54: 303-307.
Akiyama, S. 1940. On the systematic anatomy of the leaves of some Japanese Carices. XXVIII. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 54: 130-135.
Akiyama, S. 1941. On the systematic anatomy of the leaves of some Japanese Carices. XXXI. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 55: 79-85.
Akiyama, S. 1941. On the systematic anatomy of the leaves of some Japanese Carices. XXXII. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 55: 124-130.
Akiyama, S. 1942. On the systematic anatomy of the leaves of some Japanese Carices. XXXIII. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 56: 591-603.
Akiyama, S. 1955. Carices of the far eastern region of Asia. Sapporo .
Albee, B. J., L. M. Shultz, and S. Goodrich. 1988. Atlas of the Vascular Plants of Utah. Salt Lake City .
Alekseev, Yu-E., and I. O. Filatova. 1997. Variability of the life-form of Carex ovalis Good. Byulleten' Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody Otdel Biologicheskii. 102: 48-52. (Carex leporina)
Alekseev, Yu-E., and M. N. Karavaev. 1975. Range, variability, and nomenclature of Carex pyrenaica. Vestnik-Moskovskogo-Universiteta-Seriya-VI-Biologiya-Pochvovedenie 30(6): 52-55. (Carex pyrenaica)
Alexeev, Y. E. 1988. Ontogenesis in Carex species. Aquatic Botany 30: 39-48.
Allen-Diaz, B. H. 1991. Water Table and Plant Species Relationships in Sierra Nevada Meadows. Amer. Midl. Natur. 126: 30-43. (Carex angustata, Carex nebrascensis)
Amen, R. D., and E. K. Bonde. 1964. Dormancy and germination in alpine Carex from the Colorado front range. Ecology 45: 881-883. http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=0012-9658&volume=045&issue=04&page=0881. (Carex albonigra)
Amern, R. D. 1966. The extent and role of seed dormancy in alpine plants. Q. Rev. Biol. 41: 271-281.
Anderson, Dennis S., Ronald B. Davis, Sally C. Rooney, Christopher S. Campbell. The Ecology of Sedges (Cyperaceae) in Maine Peatlands. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123: 100 - 110. (Carex limosa, Carex lasiocarpa)
Anderson, H. G., and A. W. Bailey. 1980. Effects of burning on grassland in the aspen parkland of est-central Alberta. Canadian Journal of Botany 58: 985-996.
Anderson, R. N. Germination and establishment of weeds for exerpimental purposes. (A Weed Science Society of America Handbook) . (Carex albonigra)
Andrusek, B. 1986. Edible wild plants. Can. Geographic 105: 65-70.
Annelies S. de Ridder-Duine, George A. Kowalchuk, Paulien J.A. Klein Gunnewiek, Wiecher Smant, Johannes A. van Veen and Wietse de Boer. 2005. Rhizosphere bacterial community composition in natural stands of Carex arenaria (sand sedge) is determined by bulk soil community composition. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 37(2): 349-357. (Carex arenaria)
Anonymous. 1964. Documented chromosome numbers of plants. Madrono 17: 266-268.
Anonymous. 1994. A Checklist of Plants of the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest. 130 pp.
Anonymous?. 1986. Useful Plants of India. Publications & Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi . (Carex baccans)
Antos, Joseph A., Bruce McCune, and Cliff Bara. 1983. The effect of fire on an ungrazed western Montana grassland. American Midland Naturalist 110(2): 354-364. (Carex fillifolia)
Archer, S., and J. K. Detling. 1984. The effects of defoliation and competition on regrowth of tillers of two North American mixed-grass prairie graminoids. Oikos 43(3): 351-357. (Carex fillifolia)
Archer, S., and L. L. Tieszen. 1980. Growth and physiological responses of tundra plants to defoliation. Arct. Alp. Res. 12: 531-552.
Arens, P., R. J. Bijlsma, W. van’t Westende, B. van Os, M. J. Smulders, and B. Vosman. 2005. Genetic structure in populations of an ancient woodland sedge, Carex sylvatica Hudson, at a regional and local scale. Plant Biol. (Stuttg.) 7: 387-396. (Carex sylvatica)
Argus, G. W., and D. J. White (eds.). 1982. Atlas of the rare vascular plants of Ontario. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa .
Armour, C. D., S. C. Bunting, and L. F. Neuenschwander. 1964. Fire intensity effects on understory in ponderosa pine forests. J. Range Management 37: 44-49.
Armstrong, W. 1965. Oxygen diffusion from the roots of some British bog plants. Nature, London 204: 801-802.
Arnold, R. H. 1971. Melanodothis caricis, n. gn., n. sp. and 'Hyalodothis? caricis'. Canadian Journal of Botany 49: 2187-2196.
Arnold, S. M. 1973. Interaction of light and temperature on the germination of Plantago maritima L. New Phytologist 72: 583 - 593. (Kobresia simpliciuscula)
Arnold, S. M. 1973. Interactions of light and temperature on the germination of Plantago maritima L. New Phytologist 72: 583-593. (Kobresia simpliciuscula)
Arp, Christopher D.; Cooper, David J.; Stednick, John D. 1999. The effects of acid rock drainage on Carex aquatilis leaf litter decomposition in Rocky Mountain fens. Wetlands 19(3): 665-674. (Carex aquatilis)
Ashworth, Sharon M. 1997. Comparison between restored and reference sedge meadow wetlands in south-central Wisconsin. Wetlands 17(4): 518-527. (Carex aquatilis var. stans)
Atwell, B. J., M. T. Veerkamp, B. (C.E.E.) Stuiver, and P. J. C. Kuiper. 1980. The uptake of phosphate by Carex species from oligotrophic swamp habitats. Physiol. Plant 49: 487-494.
Atwell, Gerry, D. L. Boone, J. Gustafson, and V. D. Bern. 1980. Brown bear summer use of alpine habitat on the Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge. In: Pelton, M. R., J. W. Lentifer, and G. E. Folk (eds.) Bears: Their biology and management: a selection of papers from the Third International Conference on Bear Research and Management. Morges: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. 4: 297-305. (Carex macrochaeta)
Atwood, D., et al. 1991. Utah - Endangered, threatened, and sensitive plant field guide. U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Intermountain Region, Ogden, Utah . (Carex leptalea)
Auclair, A. N. 1977. Factors affecting tissue nutrient concentrations in a Carex meadow. Oecologia 28: 233-246.
Auclair, A. N. 1982. Seasonal nutrient dynamics in a Carex meadow. Canadian Journal of Botany 60: 1671-1678.
Auclair, A. N. D., A. Bouchard, and J. Pajaczkowski. 1976. Productivity relations in a Carex dominated ecosystem. Canadian Journal of Botany 55: 9-51.
Babcock, C. A., and C. R. Ely. 1994. Classification of vegetation communities in which geese rear broods on the Yukon-Kuskokwim delta, Alaska. Can. J. Bot. 72: 1294-1301.
Babcznska-Sendek, Beata, and Stanislaw Cabala. 1998. Carex pendula (Cyperaceae): A species new to the flora of the Silesian Upland. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica Series Polonica. 4: 305-307. (Carex pendula)
Bagi, I. 1992. Niche segregation by morphological dimorphism in Carex serotina Merat. Mesogee (Marseille) 52: 48-58. (Carex serotina)
Bailey, A. W., and M. L. Anderson. 1978. Prescribed burning of a Festuca-Stipa grassland. J. Range Management 31: 446-449.
Bailey, L. H. 1884. A catalogue of North American Carices, with supplement. Botanica Gardens, Cambridge, Massachusetts 5 pp.
Bailey, L. H. 1885. Carex. in J. M. Coulter (ed.), Manual of the botany of the Rocky Mountain region. American Book Co., New York Pp. 370-397.
Bailey, L. H. 1886. A preliminary synopsis of North American Carices, including those of Mexico, Central America, and Greenland, with the American bibliography of the genus. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 59-157+ index (5 pp.).
Bailey, L. H. 1886. A preliminary synopsis of North American carices. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 59-157.
Bailey, L. H. 1886. A preliminary synopsis of the genus Carex. Notes on Mexico, Central America, and Greenland, with the American bibliography of the genus. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 59-157.
Bailey, L. H. 1886. Notes on Carex VIII. Hybrids. Bot. Gaz. 11: 328-330.
Bailey, L. H. 1886. Synopsis of North American Carices. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 59-157+ index (5 pp.).
Bailey, L. H. 1888. Notes on Carex IX. Bot. Gaz. 13: 82-89.
Bailey, L. H. 1889. Carex. In A. Gray (ed.), The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States, revised by S. Watson & J. M. Coulter, 6th ed. American Book Co., New York Pp. 587-622.
Bailey, L. H. 1889. Studies of the types of various species of the genus Carex. Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1: 1-85.
Bailey, L. H. 1890. The carices of the upper half of the Keweenaw Peninsula. Carex notes XIII. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 61-64.
Bailey, L. H. 1892. Notes on Carex XVI. Bot. Gaz. 17: 148-153. (Carex xerantica)
Bailey, L. H. 1893. Notes on Carex -- XVII. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20: 417-428.
Bailey, L. H. 1894. Carex. in The committee of the Botanical Section of the A.A.A.S. (eds.), List of Pteridophyta an dSerpmatophyta growing without cultivation in northeastern North America (1893-1894). Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5.
Bailey, L. H. 1896. Notes on Carex XVIII. Bot. Gaz. 21: 1-8.
Bailey, L. H. 1988. Carex notes from the British Museum. J. Bot. 26: 321-323.
Bailey, L. H. 1990. Carex rigida Gooden. And its varieties. J. Bot. 28: 171-173. (Carex rigida)
Baker, W. H. 1956. Notes on the flora of Idaho -- I. Leaflets of Western Botany 8: 32-35+. (Carex multicostata)
Bakker, D., D. T. E. Van der Ploeg, and F. Rudolphy. 1976. Carex pseudocyperus L. X C. rostrata Stokes nieuw voor Nederland. Gorteria 8: 85-88. (Carex rostrata, Carex pseudocyperus)
Ball, P. W. 1990. Some aspects of the phytogeography of Carex. Canadian Journal of Botany 68: 1462-1472.
Ball, P. W. and D. J. White. 1982. Carex rotundata. In Atlas of the rare vascular plants of Ontario. Edited by G. W.Argus and D. J. White. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa. (Carex rotundata)
Ball, P. W., A. A. Reznicek, and D. A. Murray. 2002. Cyperaceae Jusseiu. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Vol. 23, ed. Flora of North America Editorial Committee. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ball, P. W., and A. A. Reznicek. 2002. Carex Linnaeus. in: Flora of North America Committee, eds. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. 23: Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae. pp. 254-573.
Ball, P. W., and D. J. White. 1982. Carex trichocarpa Muhl. Ex Schkuhr. In Atlas of the rare vascular plants of Ontario. Edited by G. W.Argus and D. J. White. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa. (Carex trichocarpa)
Ball, P. W., and M. Zoladz. 1994. The taxonomy of Carex petricosa (Cyperaceae) and related species in North America. Rhodora 96: 295-310. (Carex petricosa)
Ball, P. W., D. J. White, A. A. Reznicek, B. Boivin, and P. M. Catling. 1982. Cyperaceae. In: Atlas of the Rare Vascular Plants of Ontario. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa. 68 pp.
Ball, Peter. 1997. Letter. unpublished . (Carex aurea, Carex hassei, Carex garberi)
Ball, Peter. 1997. Revised key to Carex sect. Bicolores. unpublished . (Carex aurea, Carex hassei, Carex garberi)
Bank, T. P. 1951. Botanical and ethnobotanical studies in the Aleutian Islands. in: Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture. Micigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters 37: 13-30.
Bardgett, Richard D., William D. Bowman, Ruediger Kaufmann, and Steve K. Schmidt. 2005. A temporal approach to linking aboveground and belowground ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 20. (Kobresia myosuroides)
Barrett, S. A. 1908. Pomo Indian Basketry. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7: 134-308. (Carex barbarae)
Bartlett, N. R., and J. C. Noble. 1985. The population biology of plants with clonal growth III. Aanlysis of tiller mortality in Carex arenaria. J. Ecol. 73: 1-10. (Carex arenaria)
Bartow, Amy L. 2004. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex feta Bailey plants. Corvallis Plant Materials Center, Corvallis, Oregon. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex feta)
Bartow, Amy L. 2004. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex multicostata Mackenzie plants. Corvallis Plant Materials Center, Corvallis, Oregon. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex multicostata)
Bartow, Amy L. 2004. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex tumulicola Mackenzie plants. Corvallis Plant Materials Center, Corvallis, Oregon. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex tumulicola)
Bartow, Amy L. 2004. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex vesicaria L. plants. Corvallis Plant Materials Center, Corvallis, Oregon. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex vesicaria)
Basinger, M. A. 2001. Additions to the Vascular Flora of Illinois. Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science 94: 199-205. (Carex pendula)
Baskin, C. C. 2003. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex canescens L. plants. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex canescens)
Baskin, C. C. 2003. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex comosa Boot. plants. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex comosa)
Baskin, C. C. 2003. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex retrorsa Schwein. plants. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex retrorsa)
Baskin, C. C. and J. M. Baskin. 2002. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex albonigra Mack. Plants. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex albonigra)
Baskin, C. C. and J. M. Baskin. 2002. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex hoodii Boot. plants. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex hoodii)
Baskin, C. C. and J. M. Baskin. 2002. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex paysonis Clokey plants. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex paysonis)
Baskin, C. C. and J. M. Baskin. 2003. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex phaeocephala Piper plants. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 6 December 2004). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery. http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org. (Carex phaeocephala)
Baskin, C. C., and J. M. Baskin. 1988. Germination ecophysiology of herbaceous plant species in a temperate region. Am. J. Bot. 75: 286-305. (Carex complanata)
Baskin, C. C., and J. M. Baskin. 1998. Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. Academic Press 666pp.
Baskin, C. C., J. M. Baskin, and D. M. Spooner. 1989. Role of temperature, light, and date seeds exhumed from soil on germination of four wetland perennials. Aquatic Botany 35: 3870394.
Baskin, C. C., W. E. Chester, and J. M. Baskin. 1996. Effect of flooding on annual dormancy cycles in buried seeds of two wetland Carex species. Wetlands 16:84-88. (Carex comosa, others)
Battaglia, E., and J. W. Boyes. 1955. Post-reductional meiosis: its mechanism and causes. Caryologia 8: 87-134.
Baumhoff, M. A., and R. I. Orlins. 1979. An Archaeological Assay on Dry Creek, Sonoma County, California. Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility, No. 40. Univeristy of Califonroia Department of Anthropology. (Carex pellita)
Bayley, Suzanne E., and Randi L.Mewhort. 2004. Plant community structure and functional differences between marshes and fens in the southern boreal region of Alberta, Canada. Wetlands 1.0013888889. (Carex aquatilis, Carex utriculata, Carex atherodes, Carex lasiocarpa)
Bazely, D. R. and R. L. Jefferies. 1985. Goose faeces: a source of nitrogen for plant growth in a grazed salt marsh. J. Appl. Ecol. 22: 693-703.
Bazely, D. R. and R. L. Jefferies. 1986. Changes in the composition and standing crop of salt-marsh plant communities in response to the removal of a grazer. J. Ecol. 74: 693-706.
Beal, E. O. 1977. A manual of Marsh and Aquatic Vascular Plants of North Carolina, with Habitat Data. Raleigh. [North Carolina Agric. Exp. Sta. Techn. Bull. 247] .
Beal, W. J. 1904. Michigan Flora. Part 1. Gymnosperms and Monocots. The State Board of Agriculture, Agricultural College, Lansing, Michigan .
Bean, L. J., and E. G. Hirtle. 1974. The Mahilkaune Pomo and Their Neighbors: An Ethno-Historical Study of the Warm Springs Dam and Lake Sonoma Project, Sonoma County, California. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Armny Corps of Engineers. (Carex barbarae)
Bean, R. C., A. F. Hill, & R. J. Eaton. 1962. Fifteenth Report of the Committee on Plant Distribution. Preliminary lists of New England plants XL. Rhodora 64: 168-179.
Bedford, B. L., D. R. Bouldin, and B. D. Belveau. 1991. Net oxygen and carbon dioxide balances in solutions bathing rooots of wetland plants. J. Ecol. 79: 943-959. (Carex lacustris)
Bedford, B. L., N. A. Rappaport, and J. M. Bernard. 1988. A life history of Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh. ramets. Aquatic Botany 30: 63-80. (Carex lasiocarpa)
Bekker, R.M., I.C. Knevel, J.B. Tallowin, E. M. Trosst, and J.P. Bakker. 1998. Soil nutrient input effects on seed longevity: a burial experiment with fen-meadow species. Functional Ecology 12: 673-682. (Carex concinna)
Bell, K. L., and L. C. Bliss. 1979. Autecology of Kobresia bellardii: why winter snow accumulation limits local distribution. Ecological Monographs 49: 377-402. (Kobresia myosuroides)
Belsky, Joy. 1982. Diesel oil spill in a subalpine meadow: 9 years of recovery. Can. J. Bot. 60: 906-910. (Carex lenticularis)
Bennett, A. 1897. Notes on British Plants II. Carex. J. Bot. 35: 244-252.
Berger, Torsten W., Bing Sun, and Gerhard Glatzel. 2004. Soil seed banks of pure spruce (Picea abies) and adjacent mixed species stands. Plant and Soil 264: 53 - 67. (Carex pallescens)
Bergman, C. M., J. M. Fryxell, C. C. Gates, and D. Fortin. 2001. Ungulate foraging strategies: energy maximizing or time minimizing?. J. Animal Ecology 70: 298-300. (Carex atherodes)
Bergman, K-O. 2000. Oviposition, host plant choice, and survival of a grass-feeding butterfly, the Woodland Brown (Lopinga achine) (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 35: 9-21. (Carex montana, Carex pallescens)
Bernard, J. M, and K. Fiala. 1986. Distribution and standing crop of living and dead roots in three wetland Carex species. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 113: 1-5.
Bernard, J. M. 1973. Production ecology of wetland sedges: the genus Carex. Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol. 20: 207-214.
Bernard, J. M. 1974. Seasonal changes in standing crop and primary production in a sedge wetland and an adjacent dry old-field in central Minnesota. Ecology 55: 350-359.
Bernard, J. M. 1976. The life history and population dynamics of shoots of Carex rostrata. J. Ecol. 64: 1045-1048. (Carex rostrata)
Bernard, J. M. 1990. Life history and vegetative reproduction in Carex. Canadian Journal of Botany 68: 1441-1448.
Bernard, J. M. 1975. The life history of shoots of Carex lacustris. Canadian Journal of Botany 53: 256-260. (Carex lacustris)
Bernard, J. M. and B. A. Solsky. 1977. Nutrient cycling in a Carex lacustris wetland. Canadian Journal of Botany 55: 630-638. (Carex lacustris)
Bernard, J. M. and K. Fiala. 1985. The distribution and standing crop of living and dead roots in three wetland Carex species. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 113: 105.
Bernard, J. M., and E. Gorham. 1978. Life history aspects of primary production in sedge wetlands. In: R. E. Good, D. F. Whighma, and R. L. Simpson (eds.), Freshwater Wetlands: Production Processes and Management Potential. Academic Press, New York. Pp. 39-51.
Bernard, J. M., and F. A. Bernard. 1977. Winter standing crop and nutrient contents in five central New York wetlands. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 104: 57-59.
Bernard, J. M., and G. Hankinson. 1979. Seasonal changes in standing crop, primary production, and nutrient levels in a Carex rostrata wetland. Oikos 32: 328-336. (Carex rostrata)
Bernard, J. M., and J. G. MacDonald, Jr. 1974. Primary production and life history of Carex lacustris. Canadian Journal of Botany 52: 117-123. (Carex lacustris)
Bernard, J. M., and L. Papackova-Soukupova. 1984. A discussion of Carex and Cladium dominated wetlands. 2nd INTECOL Wetlands Conference, Trebon, Czechoslovakia. Abstracts 1, 16 pp.
Bernard, J. M., and L. Soukupova, eds. 1988. Studies in wetland carices of the temperate zone -- an introduction. Aquatic Botany 30:1-3.
Bernard, J. M., D. Solander, and J. Kvet. 1988. Production and nutrient dynamics in Carex wetlands. Aquatic Botany 30: 125-147.
Bernard, J.-P. 1959. Les Carex assiniboinensis Boott et sa forme stolonifere. Naturaliste Canad. 86: 11-19. (Carex assiniboinensis)
Bernard, John M. 1994. Life history of shoots of Carex comosa F. Boott. Rhodora 96: 179-189. (Carex comosa)
Bertiller, M. B. 1992. Seasonal variation in the seed bank of a Patagonian grassland in relation to grazing and topography. J. Veget. Sci. 3: 3:47-54. (Carex patagonica)
Bicknell, E. P. 1896. Carex vulpinoidea and allied species. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 21-25. (Carex vulpinoidea)
Biggs, M. 1995. Carex bicolor. BSBI News 70: 19-20. (Carex bicolor)
Bijlsma, R. G. 1990. Habitat, territory size, and breeding success of Tawny Pipits (Anthus campestris). Limosa 63(2): 80-81. (Carex arenaria)
Bill, J. P. 1930. Carex knieskernii Dewey. Rhodora 32: 162-166. (Carex knieskernii)
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Heller, C. A. 1953. Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska. Univeristy of Alaska (p. 129). (Carex aquatilis)
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Hendrych, Radovan. 1992. A very remarkable find: Carex pyrenaica in the flora of Slovakia. Preslia (Praha) 64: 35-43. (Carex pyrenaica)
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Hermann, F. J. 1936. The genus Carex in Kansas. Amer. Midl. Natur. 17: 849-865.
Hermann, F. J. 1938. New or otherwise interesting plants from Indiana. Rhodora 40: 77-88. (Carex sartwellii, Carex retrorsa, others)
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Hermann, F. J. 1940. Cyperaceae of Nevada. The genus Carex. Contr. Fl. Nevada 17. USDA, Div. Pl. Expl., Bur. Pl. Ind. 57 pp. (mimeographed).
Hermann, F. J. 1941. The genus Carex in Michigan. Amer. Midl. Natur. 25: 1-72.
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Hermann, F. J. 1949. Carex muricatula. pp. 132-134 in: McVaugh, Rogers, Botanical records of field work in the southern United States in 1945 and 1947. Field & Lab. 17: 123-142. (Carex muricata)
Hermann, F. J. 1950. Three new Carices from Mexico and Guatemala. Jour. Washington Acad. 40: 282-285.
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Hermann, F. J. 1955. Two new Carices from southeastern United States. Rhodora 57: 156-158.
Hermann, F. J. 1956. A new Wyoming sedge. Leaflets of Western Botany 8: 28-29. (Carex limnophila)
Hermann, F. J. 1957. New carices from the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Leaflets of Western Botany 8:109-114. (Carex praticola var. subcoriacea, Carex limnophila, others)
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Hermann, F. J. 1960. An Andean and a Californian sedge in Arizona. Leaflets of Western Botany 9: 86-87.
Hermann, F. J. 1960. Two new varieties of Carex from Mexico. Brittonia 12: 78-79. (Carex vallicola)
Hermann, F. J. 1963. A western American variety of Carex bipartita. Leaflets of Western Botany 10: 15-16. (Carex bipartita)
Hermann, F. J. 1964. A new Carex from Glacier National Park, Montana. Leaflets of Western Botany 10: 65-80. (Carex plectocarpa)
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